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BigQuery SQL Parser Support in GSP

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This page documents the SQL syntax support for Google BigQuery in the General SQL Parser.

Syntax Coverage Corpus

GSP tests BigQuery syntax against 71 documented constructs grouped into 13 categories, each cross-referenced to the documentation that defines it (6 distinct source pages).

Parse coverage

Measured against GSP Java 4.2.8 on 2026-08-31 (UTC) (artifact sha256 1117856ef134). Each construct below carries the complete set of examples from the BigQuery documentation; a construct counts as fully covered only when every one of its examples parses. Percentages are pass rates over this documented-example corpus — not a percentage of the entire SQL dialect.

Constructs fully parsed Individual statements parsed
All constructs 69 of 71 (97%) 221 of 223 (99%)
SELECT (queries) 25 of 25 (100%) 98 of 98 (100%)
DML (INSERT / UPDATE / DELETE / MERGE) 4 of 4 (100%) 31 of 31 (100%)
Stored procedures 4 of 4 (100%) 7 of 7 (100%)

Statements are split using the parser's own statement splitter, so multi-statement examples and procedure bodies are counted correctly. The SELECT, DML and stored-procedure rows classify each statement by its parsed statement type: a construct is counted in a row when its examples contain at least one statement of that class, and is fully parsed when all of them parse. Stored procedures covers CREATE PROCEDURE / FUNCTION / PACKAGE / TRIGGER definitions and anonymous blocks.

Machine-readable: dialect data (JSON) · all-dialect matrix · coverage matrix overview

All 71 constructs

Construct Category Parses Specified in
ALTER COLUMN DROP NOT NULL ALTER all 1 Google Cloud docs
ALTER COLUMN SET DATA TYPE ALTER all 3 Google Cloud docs
ALTER COLUMN SET OPTIONS ALTER all 1 Google Cloud docs
ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW SET OPTIONS ALTER all 1 Google Cloud docs
ALTER SCHEMA SET OPTIONS ALTER all 1 Google Cloud docs
ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN ALTER 1 of 2 Google Cloud docs
ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN ALTER all 1 Google Cloud docs
ALTER TABLE RENAME TO ALTER all 1 Google Cloud docs
ALTER TABLE SET OPTIONS ALTER all 3 Google Cloud docs
ALTER VIEW SET OPTIONS ALTER all 1 Google Cloud docs
Assert Assert 0 of 1 Google Cloud docs
CREATE ASSIGNMENT CREATE all 2 Google Cloud docs
CREATE CAPACITY CREATE all 1 Google Cloud docs
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE CREATE all 4 Google Cloud docs
CREATE FUNCTION CREATE all 1 Google Cloud docs
CREATE FUNCTION CREATE all 1 Google Cloud docs
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW CREATE all 4 Google Cloud docs
CREATE PROCEDURE CREATE all 3 Google Cloud docs
CREATE RESERVATION CREATE all 1 Google Cloud docs
CREATE ROW ACCESS POLICY CREATE all 6 Google Cloud docs
CREATE SCHEMA CREATE all 1 Google Cloud docs
CREATE SNAPSHOT TABLE CREATE all 2 Google Cloud docs
CREATE TABLE CREATE all 13 Google Cloud docs
CREATE TABLE CLONE CREATE all 4 Google Cloud docs
CREATE TABLE FUNCTION CREATE all 2 Google Cloud docs
CREATE VIEW CREATE all 5 Google Cloud docs
DELETE DELETE all 3 Google Cloud docs
DROP ASSIGNMENT DROP all 1 Google Cloud docs
DROP CAPACITY DROP all 1 Google Cloud docs
DROP EXTERNAL TABLE DROP all 2 Google Cloud docs
DROP FUNCTION DROP all 2 Google Cloud docs
DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW DROP all 2 Google Cloud docs
DROP PROCEDURE DROP all 2 Google Cloud docs
DROP RESERVATION DROP all 1 Google Cloud docs
DROP ROW ACCESS POLICY DROP all 3 Google Cloud docs
DROP SCHEMA DROP all 2 Google Cloud docs
DROP SNAPSHOT TABLE DROP all 2 Google Cloud docs
DROP TABLE DROP all 2 Google Cloud docs
DROP TABLE FUNCTION DROP all 1 Google Cloud docs
DROP VIEW DROP all 2 Google Cloud docs
EXPORT DATA EXPORT all 2 Google Cloud docs
GRANT GRANT all 1 Google Cloud docs
INSERT INSERT all 9 Google Cloud docs
MERGE MERGE all 8 Google Cloud docs
REVOKE REVOKE all 1 Google Cloud docs
SELECT * EXCEPT SELECT all 1 Google Cloud docs
SELECT FOR SYSTEM_TIME AS OF SELECT all 4 Google Cloud docs
SELECT FROM SELECT all 8 Google Cloud docs
SELECT * SELECT all 1 Google Cloud docs
SELECT * REPLACE SELECT all 2 Google Cloud docs
SELECT aggregate SELECT all 5 Google Cloud docs
SELECT alias SELECT all 8 Google Cloud docs
SELECT AS STRUCT SELECT all 1 Google Cloud docs
SELECT AS VALUE SELECT all 1 Google Cloud docs
SELECT cte_name SELECT all 1 Google Cloud docs
SELECT expression SELECT all 3 Google Cloud docs
SELECT GROUP BY SELECT all 8 Google Cloud docs
SELECT HAVING SELECT all 5 Google Cloud docs
SELECT JOIN SELECT all 11 Google Cloud docs
SELECT LIMIT SELECT all 2 Google Cloud docs
SELECT ORDER BY SELECT all 10 Google Cloud docs
SELECT PIVOT SELECT all 5 Google Cloud docs
SELECT QUALIFY SELECT all 2 Google Cloud docs
SELECT TABLESAMPLE SELECT all 1 Google Cloud docs
SELECT UNNEST SELECT all 4 Google Cloud docs
SELECT UNPIVOT SELECT all 3 Google Cloud docs
SELECT WHERE SELECT all 4 Google Cloud docs
SELECT WINDOW SELECT all 3 Google Cloud docs
SELECT WITH SELECT all 4 Google Cloud docs
TRUNCATE TABLE TRUNCATE all 1 Google Cloud docs
UPDATE UPDATE all 12 Google Cloud docs

Key Features Supported

  • Standard SQL operations (SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE)
  • BigQuery-specific functions and data types
  • Array and struct operations
  • Window functions and analytical queries
  • Machine learning functions (BQML)
  • Geographic and time-based functions